Lake Chad, situated at the intersection of Chad, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Niger, is a vital freshwater lake in West-Central Africa. Historically, it was one of the largest lakes on the continent, with an area of about 28,000 km² in the 19th century. However, due to climate change and human activities, its size has fluctuated significantly, and it now covers approximately 2,000 km². The lake's ecosystem supports diverse wildlife, including numerous fish species and migratory birds, making it an important area for biodiversity. The surrounding region is home to over 30 million people who rely on the lake for fishing, agriculture, and livestock herding. The area is also known for its rich cultural heritage, with various ethnic groups inhabiting the lakeside communities.