Koumbi Saleh, located in southeast Mauritania, is the site of an ancient and medieval city believed to be the capital of the Ghana Empire. Known for its connection to the trans-Saharan gold trade, the site was described by Arab authors as consisting of two towns, one for Muslim merchants and the other for the king. Excavations have uncovered ruins of a large Muslim town with stone houses and a mosque, dating from the late 5th to the 14th centuries.