Enugu, the capital of Enugu State in southeastern Nigeria, lies at the foot of the Udi Plateau and serves as a key economic and cultural hub in the region. Its origins trace back to the discovery of coal in 1909, which spurred rapid development with the construction of Port Harcourt and a connecting railway in 1916. Once the headquarters of the Eastern provinces and briefly the provisional capital of the Republic of Biafra during the Nigerian Civil War, the city has transitioned from coal mining to a diversified economy, including industries such as steel manufacturing, vehicle assembly, and textiles. Enugu is also a center for education, hosting institutions like the University of Nigeria’s branch campus and the Enugu State University of Science and Technology, and has a population of approximately 895,000 as of 2016.