Hobyo is an ancient port city located in the Mudug region of central Somalia, founded in the 13th century by the Ajuran Empire. It flourished as a major trade hub, with goods like textiles, metals, and pearls flowing through its docks. In the late 17th century, the Hiraab clans successfully overthrew the Ajuran Sultanate, establishing the Hiraab Imamate, which ruled over a vast region. In the late 19th century, Hobyo became the center of the Sultanate of Hobyo, founded by Sultan Kenadid. This sultanate was recognized as a protectorate of Italy in 1888, though relations deteriorated as Sultan Kenadid resisted further foreign influence. Today, Hobyo's rich history reflects its role in Somali trade, politics, and culture.