Tahoua, the fourth-largest city in Niger, serves as the administrative center of both its department and region. With a population of 117,826 (2012 Census), it functions as a key market town, linking Tuareg traders from the north and Fulani merchants from the south. Known for its production of tchoukou cheese, the city is divided into urban municipalities—Tahoua I and Tahoua II—with distinct older and newer quarters (Sabon Gari). Historically, it grew from small villages, Bilbis and Fakoua, attracting Fulani, Tuareg, and animist groups fleeing persecution. In 1934, Canadian ministers visited, praising the city's hospitality.