Birnin Kebbi, located in Northwestern Nigeria, is the capital of Kebbi State and the headquarters of the Gwandu Emirate. Historically, it served as the capital of the Kebbi Emirate until the Fulani jihad of 1805, after which it was incorporated into the Gwandu Emirate. Despite losing prominence as a river port due to silting, the city remains a vital agricultural hub, known for trading peanuts, rice, millet, and livestock. Today, Birnin Kebbi is home to a state polytechnic and a government rice research station, with a population estimated at 366,200 in 2016.